Which constitutional amendment protects the right to assemble peacefully?

The First Amendment is the correct answer because it explicitly guarantees several fundamental rights, including the freedoms of speech, press, religion, and assembly. The right to assemble peacefully is critical in a democratic society as it allows individuals to gather, express their views, and advocate for change. The wording of the First Amendment indicates a clear protection of the right to assemble, particularly in a peaceful manner, which is essential for the exercise of other rights, such as free speech and political expression. This foundational aspect of the First Amendment has been supported by numerous court rulings that emphasize the importance of peaceful assembly in maintaining democracy and allowing citizens to collectively express their opinions and grievances.

The other amendments listed do not specifically address the right to assemble. The Third Amendment deals with the quartering of soldiers in private homes, the Fifth Amendment pertains to rights related to legal proceedings, including protection against self-incrimination, and the Ninth Amendment asserts that the enumeration of certain rights in the Constitution does not deny or disparage other rights retained by the people.