Which amendment's due process clause was central to McDonald v. Chicago?

The due process clause central to McDonald v. Chicago is found in the Fourteenth Amendment. This case primarily addressed the issue of whether the Second Amendment, which protects the right to keep and bear arms, is applicable to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment's incorporation doctrine. The Supreme Court ruled that the Second Amendment is indeed incorporated to the states and that the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment guarantees this right.

In McDonald, the Court specifically emphasized that the right to keep and bear arms for self-defense in one's home is fundamental to the notion of ordered liberty, which is a guiding principle of the Fourteenth Amendment’s protection of due process. This linkage between the Second and Fourteenth Amendments illustrates how the due process clause serves to apply fundamental rights enshrined in the Bill of Rights to the states, ensuring that states cannot infringe upon these rights without due legal process.