Which amendment prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures?

The Fourth Amendment is the one that prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures, ensuring the right of individuals to feel secure in their persons, homes, papers, and effects. This amendment sets the standard that law enforcement must have probable cause and, typically, a warrant based on that probable cause before conducting searches or seizing property. The intent is to protect citizens from arbitrary governmental intrusions into their privacy.

In the context of the other amendments listed, the First Amendment focuses on freedom of speech, religion, and assembly; the Second Amendment pertains to the right to keep and bear arms; and the Fifth Amendment addresses rights related to legal proceedings, such as protection against self-incrimination and double jeopardy. Thus, while each of these amendments plays a vital role in protecting various rights of individuals, it is the Fourth Amendment specifically that safeguards against unreasonable searches and seizures.