What is the primary purpose of the First Amendment?

The primary purpose of the First Amendment is to guarantee fundamental freedoms such as freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition. This amendment lays the cornerstone for democratic expression and individual liberties within the United States. By protecting these freedoms, the First Amendment ensures that individuals can openly discuss and criticize the government and express their beliefs without fear of retribution. This framework for open dialogue and exchange of ideas is essential for a functioning democracy.

The other options address different amendments or rights. For instance, the right to bear arms is addressed by the Second Amendment, and the rights of the accused are primarily outlined in the Fifth and Sixth Amendments. The right to privacy, although supported by various Supreme Court rulings, is not explicitly defined in the Constitution but is interpreted through several amendments, primarily the Fourth and Ninth. Thus, the response correctly highlights the central focus of the First Amendment, distinguishing it from other critical rights protected under different amendments.