In which case did the Supreme Court articulate the "exclusionary rule"?

The "exclusionary rule" was articulated in the case of Mapp v. Ohio, which was decided in 1961. This landmark ruling extended the exclusionary rule to state courts, which prohibits the use of evidence obtained through unconstitutional searches and seizures in criminal cases. The case arose after police unlawfully entered Dollree Mapp's home without a warrant and found illegal evidence. The Supreme Court held that the evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment could not be used in state prosecutions, thereby reinforcing the principle that the government must respect constitutional rights in its law enforcement practices. This case is significant in upholding individual rights and ensuring that law enforcement procedures adhere to constitutional protections.

In contrast, the other cases listed address different aspects of rights in the legal system: Miranda v. Arizona established the requirement for police to inform suspects of their rights; Gideon v. Wainwright ensured the right to counsel in felony cases; and Roe v. Wade dealt with the right to privacy in relation to abortion. Each of these cases played a crucial role in shaping rights under the Constitution, but Mapp v. Ohio is the specific case that formally introduced the exclusionary rule into the judicial process.